AbstractBackground: Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging studies are sufficient for detection of gross Hippocampal Atrophy (HA), subtle HA that may characterize early disease is often missed. Quantitative MR imaging/ MR volumetry can depict the presence and laterality of HA in epilepsy with accuracy rates that may exceed those achieved with visual inspection of clinical MR imaging studies.
Materials and Methods: The study comprised of Children at or below 6 years of age admitted in pediatric ward for seizure from July 2019 to December 2020 in Mahatma Gandhi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute presenting with seizures, admitted to pediatric department, and referred to radiodiagnosis for MRI. Complete case history including the socio-demographic data and other medical conditions of the patient was recorded.
Results: The maximum no of patients were recorded in the age range of 13-24 years, with a slight male predominance. 44.76% patients suffering from generalized seizures, followed by 35.24% with focal seizures & 20% with undetermined form of seizures. Mean right & left hippocampal volume was found to be 2.572 & 2.4168 respectively. The mean right hippocampal volume in patients suffering from focal, generalized & undetermined patients was found to be 2.56, 2.53 & 2.67, & on left side it was 2.34, 2.42 & 2.45 respectively. The mean right hippocampal volume in patients as per the frequency/episode of 1-3, 4-6, 1-9 & 10 & above per month was found to be 2.6, 2.48, 2.41 & 2.685 & on left side it was 2.44, 2.33, 2.35 & 2.65.
Conclusion: The use of MRI has been well-established as a reliable marker for the assessment of the mean volume of the hippocampus which is commonly seen to be involved in patients with seizures. We found a correlation between the mean hippocampal volume against the frequency of seizures wherein there was an increase in the volume with an increase in the frequency of seizures. We recommend more studies to understand these associations as there are deficit in terms of these parameters.
