2019, Vol. 2, Issue 2, Part B

Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed with 50 patients diagnosed with interstitial lung diseases at the Department of Pathology, Kanti Devi Institute of Medical Sciences, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India, from May 2018 to April 2019. All patients received HRCT imaging prior to surgical lung biopsy. HRCT scans were examined for distinctive characteristics of ILD subtypes, including typical interstitial pneumonia (UIP), nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), organizing pneumonia (OP), and others. Histopathological data from lung samples were juxtaposed with radiological interpretations to evaluate diagnostic concordance.

Results: Twenty patients (or 40%) were found to have UIP, twelve (or 24%) to have NSIP, eight (16%) to have OP, and ten (20%) to have other ILD patterns, such as hypersensitivity pneumonitis or desquamative interstitial pneumonia. Seventy-six percent, or 38 of 50 cases, showed radiologic-pathologic association. When comparing UIP and OP, the two groups showed the best concordance rates: 90% for UIP and 87.5% for OP. In 8 out of 12 cases (66.7%), NSIP showed a moderate association. Patients exhibiting unusual histology or overlapping imaging findings were more likely to have inconsistencies.

Conclusion: In cases with ILD, radiologic-pathologic correlation greatly enhances the precision of diagnoses and provides valuable information for treatment choices. Differentiating between subtypes of ILD is facilitated by HRCT when coupled with clinical and histopathologic data. Incorporating a multidisciplinary examination into the diagnostic route for ILDs is supported by this study.